Reported Outcomes for Cancer Patients Receiving Checkpoint Biology Diagrams Introduction: Despite remarkably improved outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibition, many patients with metastatic melanoma will eventually require further therapy. Chemotherapy has limited activity when used first-line but can alter the tumour microenvironment and does improve efficacy when used in combination with immunotherapy in lung cancer.
Source Reference: Slovin SF "Immune checkpoint combos in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Where are we going, what are we doing, and why?" J Clin Oncol 2025; DOI: 10.1200/JCO-24-02402. This review will focus on three major areas of cell cycle transition control, with particular attention to the alterations found in human cancer. These areas include the G1/S transition, where most cancerโrelated defects occur, the G2/M checkpoint and its activation in response to DNA damage, and the spindle checkpoint.
End of the Road for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer ... Biology Diagrams
Figure 1. Milestones in cancer research. (A) Historical milestones in cancer research include discoveries, Nobel Prizes, and FDA approvals.(B) Immune checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD1 antibodies acts via T cells.Upon binding to their ligands, checkpoint receptors expressed on T cells, including PD-1 and CTLA-4, mediate suppression of T cell-mediated tumor killing. It has been approved as first- or second-line therapy in many cancer types. Unfortunately, a majority of immune checkpoint inhibitor recipients are refractory to the therapy. The contribution of neutrophils to immune-checkpoint inhibitor treatment failures in cancer Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Jan:217:107662. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107662 Retrospective pattern-of-failure data in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) led to the initiation of two prospective randomized trials of local therapy plus systemic therapy versus local therapy alone [16, 17]. Both trials demonstrated that improved PFS could be achieved by treating established tumors present at baseline, but in
Introduction. Immune system activation is an extremely effective anticancer therapy that has revolutionised oncological clinical practice over the last decade.1 The immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of drugs that 'take the brakes' off the normal immune response and facilitate immunological, as opposed to traditional cytotoxic, anti-cancer effects.
Management of multiorgan failure caused by immune checkpoint inhibitor ... Biology Diagrams
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab, are associated with high response rates in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). 1, 2 Patients responding to ICI often undergo consolidation with an autologous 3 or allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation (BMT; alloBMT). 4, 5 alloBMT carries significant and well-recognized risks of
